Background Analysis of Speech Styles Used by Young Female and Male

As a foreign language in Indonesia, English is not a native language nor as a second language in this country, which is taught as a school subject, often widely, but it does not serve as a medium of instruction in schools nor as a language of communication within a country (in government, business, or industries). Teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) refers to teaching English to students whose first language is not English. TEFL usually occurs in the student's own country, either within the state school system, or privately, e.g., in an after-hours language school or with a tutor. EFL teacher or lecturer may be native or non-native speakers of English.

In this study, the word ‘lecturer’ will be used as a neutral term to refer to anyone who is teaching in English in the university. Thus, it refers to people who may have different titles in the university, such as professors, lecturers, and doctoral students, all of whom have one point in common: they all give lectures in English-medium programs. However the level of academic qualification need not be the most important qualification for EFL lecturers, but they also need to have effective classroom interaction. By having good classroom interaction, they can help students to develop their interaction skills and students themselves can apply various strategies to become effective communicators in a foreign language.

Classroom interaction connects both students and lecturers in process of teaching and learning EFL. Lecturers help students by requests in the classroom and provide them with comprehensible input. Not infrequently by the quantity of young lecturers spread over the universities in Indonesia, the lecturers deal with older students in a classroom. Therefore Andragogy, theory of educating adults in this practice may be applied.

Furthermore, it cannot be denied that lecturers can use some variations of language when they talk to students. That is called as speech style where specifically occured in spoken discourse. By the various style in spoken discourse, it will also influence the materials as the language choice merged with the content of the materials, where the material and the basis of teaching methodology are delivered on an ongoing basis.

The condition that the lecturers use various utterance in teaching EFL toward older students encourages the writer to analyze the speech styles contained in lecturers discourse in the context of teaching English lecture in College. Based on the explanation above, the researcher will conduct a qualitative research entitling: an Analysis of Speech Styles Used by Young Female and Male Lecturers in Teaching English to their Older Students at Islamic State College of Watampone